Glossary

2.4mR

A single handed sailing class

Able-bodied

A person with no physical disabilityA Disability is generally a condition either caused by accident, trauma, genetics or disease, which may restrict a person's mental processes, senses or mobility.

Alpine

Skiing events involving downhilla timed ski race on a steep slope in which competitors take the most direct route to the finish line following a course with relatively few turns and attaining very high speeds. skiing

Ambulant

Able to walk independently

Amputee

Individuals who have at least one major joint in a limbarm or leg missing (ie elbow, wrist, knee, ankle).

APC

Australian Paralympic Committee(or APC) the governing body for Paralympic sport in Australia. - The governing body for Paralympic sport in Australia.

Arafura Games

An international sporting event held every two years in Darwin, NT and includes events for athletes with disabilities.

Australian Paralympic Committee

(or APCAustralian Paralympic Committee - The governing body for Paralympic sport in Australia.) the governing body for Paralympic sport in Australia.

Beijing

Home of the 2008 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games.

Bench-press

To lift weights from a horizontal position on a bench.

Biathlon

A cross-country skiingThe sport of skiing across the countryside, often through woods and usually on relatively flat land, using narrow skis with boots that can be raised off the ski at the heel when striding. event where athletes shoot at targets at stops along a course.

Blindness

Unable to see at all

Boccia

BocciaBoccia is a bowling game. Leather balls are thrown as close as possible to a white target ball (“the jack”) on a long, narrow field of play. is a bowling game. Leather balls are thrown as close as possible to a white target ball (“the jack”) on a long, narrow field of play.

Cerebral Palsy

A disorder of movement and posture due to damage to an area of the brain that controls and coordinates muscle tone, reflexes, posture and movement. "Cerebral" mean brain-centred; "palsy" is a lack of muscle control.

Classification

Athletes are classified by classifiers into classes by their ability to function. The aim is to ensure that athletes of similar ability compete against one another.

Classifier

Sporting and medical officials who's job it is to work out what class an athlete should be in.

Commonwealth Games

The Commonwealth GamesThe Commonwealth Games is a multinational, multi-sport event. Held every four years, it involves the elite athletes of the Commonwealth of Nations. is a multinational, multi-sport event. Held every four years, it involves the elite athletes of the Commonwealth of Nations.

Cox

A person who steers and gives instructions in a racing boat

Crabs

Australian Men's Sitting Volleyball Team

Cross-Country Skiing

The sport of skiing across the countryside, often through woods and usually on relatively flat land, using narrow skis with boots that can be raised off the ski at the heel when striding.

Curling

CurlingCurling is a target sport where athletes must slide a stone down a sheet of ice (much the same as an ice-skating rink) and have it stop as close as possible to a set of rings, called the house is a target sport where athletes must slide a stone down a sheet of ice (much the same as an ice-skating rink) and have it stop as close as possible to a set of rings, called the house

Disability

A DisabilityA Disability is generally a condition either caused by accident, trauma, genetics or disease, which may restrict a person's mental processes, senses or mobility. is generally a condition either caused by accident, trauma, genetics or disease, which may restrict a person's mental processes, senses or mobility.

Downhill

a timed ski race on a steep slope in which competitors take the most direct route to the finish line following a course with relatively few turns and attaining very high speeds.

Ducks

Australian Women's Sitting Volleyball Team

Dwarfism

DwarfismDwarfism refers to a group of conditions characterised by shorter than normal skeletal growth. refers to a group of conditions characterised by shorter than normal skeletal growth.

Giant Slalom

a slaloma downhill race over a winding and zigzag course marked by poles or gates race in which the course has more gates and is longer and steeper than that in a regular slalom

Gliders

Australian Women's WheelchairThis refers to a group of athletes with a disability who are eligible to compete in wheelchair events. Some of the conditions resulting in eligibility into wheelchair events are: paraplegia, quadriplegia, spina bifida, poliomyelitis, amputee, cerebral palsy. Basketball Team & Bronze Medalist at the BeijingHome of the 2008 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games. Paralympic Games in 2008.

Goalball

GoalballGoalball is a sport where the object is to roll the ball past the opposition defence and into the opponent’s goal. A bell inside the competition ball enables defending players to hear it and move to stop it going through the goal. is a sport where the object is to roll the ball past the opposition defence and into the opponent’s goal. A bell inside the competition ball enables defending players to hear it and move to stop it going through the goal.

Guttman, Sir Ludwig

Creator of the Paralympic Games concept.

Handcycling

Hand cycling is an alternative cycling sport for individuals who have limited use of their lower body. Most hand cycles are designed with three wheels instead of the normal two-wheeled bicycles and allow the user to peddle and steer the vehicle using only their upper body. This three-wheel bike limits the need for balancing that a normal two-wheeled bicycle would require.

Ice Sledge Hockey

Ice Sledge HockeyIce Sledge Hockey is the Paralympic version of Ice Hockey played by male athletes with a physical disability of the lower body. Instead of skates, players use two-blade sledges that allow the puck to pass beneath. Players use two sticks, which have a spike-end for pushing and a blade-end for shooting. is the Paralympic version of Ice Hockey played by male athletes with a physical disabilityA Disability is generally a condition either caused by accident, trauma, genetics or disease, which may restrict a person's mental processes, senses or mobility. of the lower body. Instead of skates, players use two-blade sledges that allow the puck to pass beneath. Players use two sticks, which have a spike-end for pushing and a blade-end for shooting.

Impairment

disabilityA Disability is generally a condition either caused by accident, trauma, genetics or disease, which may restrict a person's mental processes, senses or mobility.

injury

harm or damage that it done.

Intellectual Disability

Individuals who have limitations in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behaviour.

IPC

International Paralympic Committee - International governing body of Paralympic sport.

Les Autres

is French for 'others'. It is a term used to describe athletes with a range of conditions which result in locomotor disorders that do not fit the traditional classificationAthletes are classified by classifiers into classes by their ability to function. The aim is to ensure that athletes of similar ability compete against one another. systems of the established disabilityA Disability is generally a condition either caused by accident, trauma, genetics or disease, which may restrict a person's mental processes, senses or mobility. group, eg dwarfismDwarfism refers to a group of conditions characterised by shorter than normal skeletal growth., polioPolio (Poliomyelitis) is a serious disease, caused by infection with one of the three types of poliovirus. The disease can cause long-term disabilities in its sufferers as the muscles can become paralysed. , MS

Limb

arm or leg

Lizzy the Lizard

Mascot of the Australian Paralympic Team.

Locomotor Disorder

Diseases of the organs involved in motion are called locomotor disorders. That is, the ailments of bones, muscles, joints, synovial membranes, related connective tissues, peripheral blood vessels, and nerves.

London

Home of the 2012 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games.

lower limb

leg

Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosisMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system. The brain, spinal cord and optic nerves can be affected. (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system. The brain, spinal cordcord of nerve tissue extending through the spinal canal of the spinal column. and optic nerves can be affected.

Murderball

MurderballMurderball (officially called Wheelchair Rugby or Quad-Rugby) is a sport open to quadriplegics which is unique to the Paralympics. It is a high contact wheelchair sport which was invented by the Canadians in the 1970's. (officially called WheelchairThis refers to a group of athletes with a disability who are eligible to compete in wheelchair events. Some of the conditions resulting in eligibility into wheelchair events are: paraplegia, quadriplegia, spina bifida, poliomyelitis, amputee, cerebral palsy. Rugby or Quad-RugbyQuad-Rugby (or Wheelchair Rugby or Murderball) is a sport open to quadriplegics which is unique to the Paralympics. It is a high contact wheelchair sport which was invented by the Canadians in the 1970's.) is a sport open to quadriplegics which is unique to the ParalympicsGames held in parallel (or beside) the Olympic Games for athletes with disabilities.. It is a high contact wheelchair sport which was invented by the Canadians in the 1970's.

non-ambulant

unable to walk

Nordic

Skiing events involving ski jumping, cross-country and biathlonA cross-country skiing event where athletes shoot at targets at stops along a course..

Oceania Paralympic Championships

held during the Arafura GamesAn international sporting event held every two years in Darwin, NT and includes events for athletes with disabilities..

Olympic Games

The Olympic GamesThe Olympic Games are an international event of summer and winter sports, in which thousands of athletes compete in a wide variety of events. The Games are held every two years, with Summer and Winter Olympic Games alternating. are an international event of summer and winter sports, in which thousands of athletes compete in a wide variety of events. The Games are held every two years, with Summer and Winter Olympic Games alternating.

Outrigger Poles

special poles which have short ski blades on the end that help the skier with balance

Parallel

beside; alongside; next to

Paralympian

An athlete who has competed or is competing at a Paralympic Games.

Paralympic Education Program

(or PEPParalympic Education Program - An education program produced by the Australian Paralympic Committee to develop students' knowledge of the Paralympic movement.) -An education program produced by the Australian Paralympic Committee(or APC) the governing body for Paralympic sport in Australia. to develop students' knowledge of the Paralympic movement.

Paralympic Sport TV

Special website where anyone can view all Paralympic sport.

Paralympics

Games held in parallelbeside; alongside; next to (or beside) the Olympic GamesThe Olympic Games are an international event of summer and winter sports, in which thousands of athletes compete in a wide variety of events. The Games are held every two years, with Summer and Winter Olympic Games alternating. for athletes with disabilities.

Paraplegia

paralysis of both lower limbs due to spinal disease or injuryharm or damage that it done..

Pararoos

Australian 7-a-side Football Team

Partially Sighted

a person who is visually impaired but has some vision; is not completely blind

PEP

Paralympic Education Program(or PEP) -An education program produced by the Australian Paralympic Committee to develop students' knowledge of the Paralympic movement. - An education program produced by the Australian Paralympic Committee(or APC) the governing body for Paralympic sport in Australia. to develop students' knowledge of the Paralympic movement.

Pilot

A sighted person who guides a vision impairedThis refers to any group condition which interferes with 'normal' vision. This incorporates the entire range of vision difficulties, from correctable conditions through to total blindness. athletes in athletics (by running just ahead of the athlete) or in cycling (riding in tandem).

Polio

PolioPolio (Poliomyelitis) is a serious disease, caused by infection with one of the three types of poliovirus. The disease can cause long-term disabilities in its sufferers as the muscles can become paralysed. (PoliomyelitisPoliomyelitis (polio) is a serious disease, caused by infection with one of the three types of poliovirus. The disease can cause long-term disabilities in its sufferers as the muscles can become paralysed. ) is a serious disease, caused by infection with one of the three types of poliovirus. The disease can cause long-term disabilities in its sufferers as the muscles can become paralysed.

Poliomyelitis

PoliomyelitisPoliomyelitis (polio) is a serious disease, caused by infection with one of the three types of poliovirus. The disease can cause long-term disabilities in its sufferers as the muscles can become paralysed. (polioPolio (Poliomyelitis) is a serious disease, caused by infection with one of the three types of poliovirus. The disease can cause long-term disabilities in its sufferers as the muscles can become paralysed. ) is a serious disease, caused by infection with one of the three types of poliovirus. The disease can cause long-term disabilities in its sufferers as the muscles can become paralysed.

Powerlifting

a competition testing strength (in the ParalympicsGames held in parallel (or beside) the Olympic Games for athletes with disabilities. this involves the bench-pressTo lift weights from a horizontal position on a bench. only)

prosthetic

A device that takes the place of a missing part of the body ie leg, arm

Quad-Rugby

Quad-RugbyQuad-Rugby (or Wheelchair Rugby or Murderball) is a sport open to quadriplegics which is unique to the Paralympics. It is a high contact wheelchair sport which was invented by the Canadians in the 1970's. (or WheelchairThis refers to a group of athletes with a disability who are eligible to compete in wheelchair events. Some of the conditions resulting in eligibility into wheelchair events are: paraplegia, quadriplegia, spina bifida, poliomyelitis, amputee, cerebral palsy. Rugby or MurderballMurderball (officially called Wheelchair Rugby or Quad-Rugby) is a sport open to quadriplegics which is unique to the Paralympics. It is a high contact wheelchair sport which was invented by the Canadians in the 1970's.) is a sport open to quadriplegics which is unique to the ParalympicsGames held in parallel (or beside) the Olympic Games for athletes with disabilities.. It is a high contact wheelchair sport which was invented by the Canadians in the 1970's.

Quadriplegia

disabilityA Disability is generally a condition either caused by accident, trauma, genetics or disease, which may restrict a person's mental processes, senses or mobility. in all four limbs or of the entire body below the neck.

rehabilitation

to restore to good health through therapytreatment of a disease or disorder through a remedial process. after sickness or an accident.

remedial

process to improve something.

Rollers

Australian Men's WheelchairThis refers to a group of athletes with a disability who are eligible to compete in wheelchair events. Some of the conditions resulting in eligibility into wheelchair events are: paraplegia, quadriplegia, spina bifida, poliomyelitis, amputee, cerebral palsy. Basketball Team & Gold Medalists at the BeijingHome of the 2008 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games. Paralympic Games in 2008.

Rome 1960

Home of the first Paralympic Games.

Scull

a light, narrow racing boat for one, two, or sometimes four rowers, each equipped with a pair of oars

Short Stature

Short statureShort stature refers to any person who is significantly below the average height for a person of the same age and sex -- specifically, the shortest 3 - 5% of the population. refers to any person who is significantly below the average height for a person of the same age and sex -- specifically, the shortest 3 - 5% of the population.

Sighted Guide

A sighted person who guides a vision impairedThis refers to any group condition which interferes with 'normal' vision. This incorporates the entire range of vision difficulties, from correctable conditions through to total blindness. athletes in athletics (by running just ahead of the athlete) or in cycling (riding in tandem).

SKUD18

A sailing class - two person crew

Slalom

a downhilla timed ski race on a steep slope in which competitors take the most direct route to the finish line following a course with relatively few turns and attaining very high speeds. race over a winding and zigzag course marked by poles or gates

Spina Bifida

Spina bifidaSpina bifida comes from the word for ‘split spine’ in Latin. It is a birth defect which involves damage to the spine and the spinal cord. People are affected by spina bifida (SB) in a variety of ways, ranging from minor to severe such as walking difficulties and brain function disabilities. comes from the word for ‘split spine’ in Latin. It is a birth defect which involves damage to the spine and the spinal cordcord of nerve tissue extending through the spinal canal of the spinal column.. People are affected by spina bifida (SB) in a variety of ways, ranging from minor to severe such as walking difficulties and brain function disabilities.

spinal cord

cord of nerve tissue extending through the spinal canal of the spinal column.

SPOC

Sydney Paralympic Organising Committee - Organisers of the Sydney 2000Home of the 2000 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games. Paralympic Games.

Steelers

Australian WheelchairThis refers to a group of athletes with a disability who are eligible to compete in wheelchair events. Some of the conditions resulting in eligibility into wheelchair events are: paraplegia, quadriplegia, spina bifida, poliomyelitis, amputee, cerebral palsy. Rugby Team and Silver Medalists at the BeijingHome of the 2008 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games. Paralympic Games in 2008.

Super-G

a slaloma downhill race over a winding and zigzag course marked by poles or gates race in which the course is longer and has more widely spaced gates than in a giant slaloma slalom race in which the course has more gates and is longer and steeper than that in a regular slalom.

Sweep-oar

a long oar used in an open boat

Sydney 2000

Home of the 2000 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games.

Talent Search Program

An initiative of the APCAustralian Paralympic Committee - The governing body for Paralympic sport in Australia. to identify potential Paralympians.

Tetraplegia

paralysis of all four limbs or of the entire body below the neck.

therapy

treatment of a disease or disorder through a remedialprocess to improve something. process.

torso

the body of a person excluding the head and limbs; trunkthe body of a person excluding the head and limbs; torso..

Trunk

the body of a person excluding the head and limbs; torsothe body of a person excluding the head and limbs; trunk..

upper limb

arm

Vancouver 2010

Home of the 2010 Winter Paralympic Games.

Vision Impaired

This refers to any group condition which interferes with 'normal' vision. This incorporates the entire range of vision difficulties, from correctable conditions through to total blindnessUnable to see at all.

Wheelchair

This refers to a group of athletes with a disabilityA Disability is generally a condition either caused by accident, trauma, genetics or disease, which may restrict a person's mental processes, senses or mobility. who are eligible to compete in wheelchairThis refers to a group of athletes with a disability who are eligible to compete in wheelchair events. Some of the conditions resulting in eligibility into wheelchair events are: paraplegia, quadriplegia, spina bifida, poliomyelitis, amputee, cerebral palsy. events. Some of the conditions resulting in eligibility into wheelchair events are: paraplegiaparalysis of both lower limbs due to spinal disease or injury., quadriplegiadisability in all four limbs or of the entire body below the neck., spina bifidaSpina bifida comes from the word for ‘split spine’ in Latin. It is a birth defect which involves damage to the spine and the spinal cord. People are affected by spina bifida (SB) in a variety of ways, ranging from minor to severe such as walking difficulties and brain function disabilities., poliomyelitisPoliomyelitis (polio) is a serious disease, caused by infection with one of the three types of poliovirus. The disease can cause long-term disabilities in its sufferers as the muscles can become paralysed. , amputeeIndividuals who have at least one major joint in a limb missing (ie elbow, wrist, knee, ankle)., cerebral palsyA disorder of movement and posture due to damage to an area of the brain that controls and coordinates muscle tone, reflexes, posture and movement. "Cerebral" mean brain-centred; "palsy" is a lack of muscle control..

Winter Paralympics

The games held in parallelbeside; alongside; next to (or beside) the Winter Olympics where AlpineSkiing events involving downhill skiing Skiing, Ice Sledge HockeyIce Sledge Hockey is the Paralympic version of Ice Hockey played by male athletes with a physical disability of the lower body. Instead of skates, players use two-blade sledges that allow the puck to pass beneath. Players use two sticks, which have a spike-end for pushing and a blade-end for shooting., NordicSkiing events involving ski jumping, cross-country and biathlon. Skiing and WheelchairThis refers to a group of athletes with a disability who are eligible to compete in wheelchair events. Some of the conditions resulting in eligibility into wheelchair events are: paraplegia, quadriplegia, spina bifida, poliomyelitis, amputee, cerebral palsy. CurlingCurling is a target sport where athletes must slide a stone down a sheet of ice (much the same as an ice-skating rink) and have it stop as close as possible to a set of rings, called the house are contested.